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Polio this week as of 17 April 2018

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Polio this week as of 17 April 2018

  • New on www.polioeradication.org: UAE leadership support the delivery of 281 million vaccines to protect children from polio in Pakistan.
  • Summary of newly-reported viruses this week: Pakistan: Two new wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) positive environmental samples have been reported, one in Sindh province, and one in Balochistan province.
  • In Kenya, notification of a circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVPDV2) detected from an environmental sample has been confirmed, linked to the cVDPV2 confirmed from Somalia in March. No cases of paralysis associated with this virus have been detected in either country.
  • See country-specific sections for further details.

Afghanistan

  • No new cases of wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) have been confirmed this week.
  • The total number of officially reported WPV1 cases in Afghanistan in 2018 is seven.
  • The most recent case (by date of onset) occurred in Ghaziabad district, Kunar province, with onset of paralysis on 3 March.
  • Supplementary immunization days held in April have concluded, during which vaccinators aimed to vaccinate children across 24 provinces using bOPV.
  • Read the latest polio update from Afghanistan to see information on cases, surveillance and vaccination campaigns.

Pakistan

  • No new cases of wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) have been confirmed this week.
  • The total number of officially reported WPV1 cases in Pakistan in 2018 is one.
  • The most recent case (by date of onset) occurred in Dukki district, Balochistan province, with onset of paralysis on 8 March.
  • Two new WPV1 positive environmental samples have been reported this week, one collected in Karachi Gadap district, Sindh province, on 15 March, and one collected in Loralai district, Balochistan province, on 17 March.
  • Supplementary immunization days held in April have concluded, during which vaccinators aimed to vaccinate children across eight provinces using bOPV.
  • Read the latest polio update from Pakistan to see information on cases, surveillance and vaccination campaigns.

Nigeria

  • No new cases of wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) were reported in the past week.
  • The total number of WPV1 cases for 2016 is four and no cases have been reported in 2017 or 2018.
  • The most recent case (by date of onset) was reported in Monguno Local Government Area, Borno, with onset on 21 August 2016.
  • Nigeria continues to implement an emergency response to the detected WPV1 strain and circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) strains affecting the country (last detected in 2016).
  • As part of the emergency response, subnational surveillance continues to be strengthened.

Lake Chad Basin

  • The detection of wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) (Borno state, Nigeria in 2016) and circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) (Borno and Sokoto states in 2016) continue to pose a risk to the neighbouring countries of the Lake Chad basin.
  • Emergency outbreak response efforts continue across the Lake Chad basin, together with activities to fill subnational surveillance gaps across the region.
  • These activities include efforts to vaccinate children at markets, in internally displaced persons camps, and at international borders.
  • Read the latest polio update from the Lake Chad basin to see information on surveillance and vaccination campaigns.

Central Africa

  • No new cases of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) were reported in the past week in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
  • The total number of officially reported cVDPV2 cases in the DRC in 2018 remains three.
  • The most recent case (by date of onset) was reported in Mulongo district, Haut Lomami province, with onset of paralysis on 31 January.
  • The Ministry of Health, supported by WHO and partners of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, remains fully committed to outbreak response, including use of monovalent oral polio vaccine type 2 (mOPV2) across the country, in line with internationally-agreed outbreak response protocols.
  • Surveillance and immunization activities are being strengthened in neighbouring countries.
  • Read the latest polio update from the DRC to see information on surveillance and vaccination campaigns.
  • Learn more about vaccine-derived polioviruses through this short animation or this ‘Coffee with Polio Experts’ video.

Horn of Africa

  • Following confirmation of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) in Somalia on 22 February 2018, the virus has been isolated from an environmental sample in Nairobi, Kenya. This latest sample was collected on 21 March 2018.
  • Previously, this same virus had been isolated from environmental samples collected in January 2018, and October and November 2017, in Banadir province (Mogadishu), Somalia.
  • No associated cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) have been detected at this time in Somalia or Kenya.
  • Since detection of the initial isolates in 2017, three large-scale immunization campaigns (SIA) in line with internationally-agreed guidelines have been implemented in Somalia, in Banadir, Lower Shabelle and Middle Shabelle provinces, with further campaigns planned in April and May.
  • A potential regional response is now being evaluated, based on an ongoing risk assessment across the Horn of Africa. The exact scale and extent of the response is being finalized.
  • WHO and its partners are continuing to support local public health authorities across the Horn of Africa in conducting field investigations and risk assessments to more clearly assess risk of the identified cVDPV2.
  • Neighbouring countries across the Horn of Africa, including in Yemen, have been alerted, and public health authorities are assessing overall immunity levels and strengthen disease surveillance in those countries.
  • Read our Somalia country page and Kenya country page to see information on surveillance and vaccination campaigns.
  • Learn more about vaccine-derived polioviruses through this short animation or this ‘Coffee with Polio Experts’ video.

The Middle East

  • No new cases of circulating vaccine derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) were reported this week.
  • The total number of officially reported cVDPV2 cases in Syria in 2017 remains 74. There are no cases reported in 2018.
  • The most recent case (by date of onset) was reported in Boukamal district, with onset on 21 September 2017.
  • Read the latest polio update from Syria to see information on cases, surveillance and vaccination campaigns.
  • Learn more about vaccine-derived polioviruses through this short animation or this ‘Coffee with Polio Experts’ video.